Development of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with immunobullous and connective tissue disease receiving immunosuppressive medications

Background: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) causes morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. Data describing use of PCP prophylaxis in immunosuppressed dermatologic patients me lacking. Objective: We sought to describe the frequency of PCP among dermatologic patients receiving immunosuppression for immunobullous disease or connective tissue disease. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of patients with immunobullous and connective tissue disease at our department of dermatology between 1980 and 2006 who received immunosuppression and had subsequent development of pneumonia. We recorded patient characteristics, use of PCP prophylaxis, whether PCP developed, and if so, their morbidity and mortality. Results: Of 334 patients identified, 7 (2.1%) were given the diagnosis PCP immunosuppressive treatment. Of these 7 patients, 3 (43%) died within 1 month of diagnosis, and none received PCP prophylaxis. Limitations: Retrospective study design and limited patient group are limitations. Conclusions: PCP prophylaxis may improve outcomes for some patients with immunobullous or connective tissue disease receiving immunosuppressive therapy. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2010;62:957-61.)