Indoor and outdoor atmospheric fungal spores in the So Paulo metropolitan area (Brazil): species and numeric concentrations

被引:29
作者
Teixeira Goncalves, Fabio Luiz [1 ]
Bauer, Heidi [2 ]
Alves Cardoso, Maria Regina [3 ]
Pukinskas, Sandra [4 ]
Matos, Dulcilena [4 ]
Melhem, Marcia [4 ]
Puxbaum, Hans [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Atmospher Sci, Inst Astron Geophys & Atmospher Sci, BR-05508009 Sao Paulo, Brazil
[2] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Chem Technol & Analyt, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
[3] Fac Publ Hlth USP, Dept Epidemiol, Sao Paulo, Brazil
[4] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Sao Paulo, Brazil
基金
巴西圣保罗研究基金会;
关键词
Fungal spores; Indoor and outdoor air in Brazil; Season variability; Sampling technique; METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; ORGANIC-CARBON; AIRBORNE FUNGI; AIR; ALLERGENS; AEROSOL; HEALTH; MOLDS;
D O I
10.1007/s00484-009-0284-6
中图分类号
Q6 [生物物理学];
学科分类号
071011 ;
摘要
The aim of this study was to estimate the indoor and outdoor concentrations of fungal spores in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo (MASP), collected at different sites in winter/spring and summer seasons. The techniques adopted included cultivation (samples collected with impactors) and microscopic enumeration (samples collected with impingers). The overall results showed total concentrations of fungal spores as high as 36,000 per cubic meter, with a large proportion of non culturable spores (around 91% of the total). Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. were the dominant species both indoors and outdoors, in all seasons tested, occurring in more than 30% of homes at very high concentrations of culturable airborne fungi [colony forming units(CFU) m(-3)]. There was no significant difference between indoor and outdoor concentrations. The total fungal spore concentration found in winter was 19% higher than that in summer. Heat and humidity were the main factors affecting fungal growth; however, a non-linear response to these factors was found. Thus, temperatures below 16A degrees C and above 25A degrees C caused a reduction in the concentration (CFU m(-3)) of airborne fungi, which fits with MASP climatalogy. The same pattern was observed for humidity, although not as clearly as with temperature given the usual high relative humidity (above 70%) in the study area. These results are relevant for public health interventions that aim to reduce respiratory morbidity among susceptible populations.
引用
收藏
页码:347 / 355
页数:9
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