Staphylococcus lugdunensis infection: report of 44 cases

Background: Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS) with virulence and antibiotic sensitivity cha-racteristics which makes it more similar to Staphylococcus aureus than other CNS. Aim: To know the microbiological and clinical characteristics of S. lugdunensis isolates identified from our health sector. Methods: A retrospective study of S. lugdunensis isolates was carried out between 2017 and 2019 in the Microbiology Service of the San Jorge University Hospital in Huesca (Spain). The clinical records of patients with S. lugdunensis isolation were reviewed, considering the following factors: age, sex, sample type, service and underlying disease. Bacterial identification was performed using MALDI-TOF VITEK MS (BioMerieux, France). The pattern of antibiotic suscepti-bility was studied by means of plate microdilution. Results: 44 isolates of S. lugdunensis were obtained: 12 corresponded to wounds, 10 were abscesses, 8 ulcers, 7 urine samples, 4 skin smears, 2 otic exudates, and 1 vaginal exudate. Regarding the underlying disease, five patients had a tumor processes and ten had diabetes mellitus. In 17 patients there was a history of recent surgery or trauma. Most of the strains were susceptible to the antibiotics studied. Production of beta-lactamase was observed in 19 of them, two were resistant to macrolides and three to clindamycin. None of the isolates were resistant to oxacillin, gentamicin or cotrimoxazole. Conclusions: Although S. lugdunensis maintains a good sensitivity to most antibiotics, its tendency to pro-duce abscesses and that it expresses virulence factors more similar to S. aureus than to other CNS requires a correct identification in the laboratory so that its incidence is not underestimated.