The bigger picture: young children's perception of fatness in the context of other physical differences

BackgroundNegative obesity stereotypes and anti-fat attitudes have been observed in children from age three. It is uncertain whether this is specific to fatness or generalizable to other visible differences. ObjectivesTo determine whether young children base decisions about qualities in others and friendship choices more on fatness than other visible differences between people. MethodsUsing a personal construct theory approach, 85 children (mean age 5.7, 42 girls) completed a simple repertory grid. The children were asked about differences (constructs) between four illustrations (elements) that showed children as healthy weight, fat, the opposite gender and in a wheelchair. Children were also asked about friendship with the illustrated children and self-image preferences. Their answers were grouped using thematic analysis. ResultsThe fat, opposite gender and wheelchair-bound characters were equally chosen by children as different to the standard character. When identifying differences, fatness or body shape was referred to significantly less than gender or being in a wheelchair. Children were more likely to reject an opposite gender character as a friend, or as someone they would like to be, than to reject the fat character. Only one child, themselves overweight, voiced strong anti-fat attitudes. ConclusionsApparent negativity towards fatness is fostered by failure to consider other visible differences and by children's like me' peer preferences. It was less desirable in the eyes of most 5-year old girls to be a boy than to be fat. This offers some reassurance to those working to improve children's health literacy in obesity.