Molecular, cytogenetical and biochemical characterisation of synthetic hexaploid triticale involving chromosome 1D

New synthetic hexaploid triticale possesses various substitutions of D-genome chromosomes for their homoeologues of the A- and/or B-genome(s). Chromosome 1D, which encodes for advantageous alleles of glutenins and gliadins in hexaploid wheat, is of major interest in triticale breeding, for example to improve the baking quality. From a large number of progenies produced and analysed using SDS-PAGE, 12 lines that presumably carry a complete chromosome 1D or one of its arms were characterised in detail using C-banding and RFLP. The results of SDS-PAGE, C-banding and RFLP analysis were in agreement for six lines, one addition line (1D addition), two translocation lines (1AS.1DL or 1DS.1AL) and three substitution lines [1D (1R), 1D (1B) and 1D (1A)]. The latter line possessed a homozygous 1BS.1BL-1AL translocation, in addition to a 1D (1A) substitution. The distal 30% of 1BL and HMW glutenin subunits encoded by Glu-B1 was absent. For the remaining six lines, identified as 1D (1A) substitutions, disomic 1D additions or 1AS-1DL translocations using SDS-PAGE and C-banding, refined results were obtained using RFLPs and deletion mapping. The potential of D-genome chromatin introgressed into triticale will be discussed.