Solutions for Critical Raw Materials under Extreme Conditions: A Review

被引:64
作者
Grilli, Maria Luisa [1 ]
Bellezze, Tiziano [2 ]
Gamsjaeger, Ernst [3 ]
Rinaldi, Antonio [1 ]
Novak, Pavel [4 ]
Balos, Sebastian [5 ]
Piticescu, Radu Robert [6 ]
Ruello, Maria Letizia [2 ]
机构
[1] Italian Natl Agcy New Technol Energy & Sustainabl, Casaccia Res Ctr, Via Anguillarese 301, I-00123 Rome, Italy
[2] Univ Politecn Marche, Dept Mat Environm Sci & Urban Planning SIMAU, Via Brecce Bianche 12, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
[3] Univ Leoben, Inst Mech, Franz Josef Str 18, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
[4] Univ Chem & Technol, Dept Met & Corros Engn, Tech 5, Prague 16628 6, Czech Republic
[5] Univ Novi Sad, Fac Tech Sci, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
[6] Natl R&D Inst Nonferrous & Rare Met, Biruintei Blvd 102, Pantelimon 077145, Romania
关键词
critical raw materials; substitution; alloys; composites; extreme conditions; cobalt; tungsten; chromium; niobium; magnesium; MARTENSITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; OXIDATION RESISTANCE; CORROSION-RESISTANCE; REVERTED AUSTENITE; ALLOYING-ELEMENT; BEHAVIOR; SUPERALLOYS; CHROMIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE;
D O I
10.3390/ma10030285
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
In Europe, many technologies with high socio-economic benefits face materials requirements that are often affected by demand-supply disruption. This paper offers an overview of critical raw materials in high value alloys and metal-matrix composites used in critical applications, such as energy, transportation and machinery manufacturing associated with extreme working conditions in terms of temperature, loading, friction, wear and corrosion. The goal is to provide perspectives about the reduction and/or substitution of selected critical raw materials: Co, W, Cr, Nb and Mg.
引用
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页数:23
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