An updated checklist of Azorean arthropods (Arthropoda)

被引:22
作者
Borges, Paulo A. V. [1 ,2 ]
Lamelas-Lopez, Lucas [1 ]
Andrade, Rui [1 ]
Lhoumeau, Sebastien [1 ]
Vieira, Virgilio [3 ]
Soares, Antonio Onofre [1 ,3 ]
Borges, Isabel [1 ,3 ]
Boieiro, Mario [1 ]
Cardoso, Pedro [1 ,4 ]
Crespo, Luis Carlos Fonseca [4 ,5 ]
Karsholt, Ole [6 ]
Schuelke, Michael [7 ]
Serrano, Artur Raposo Moniz [8 ]
Quartau, Jose Alberto [8 ]
Assing, Volker [9 ]
机构
[1] Univ Azores, CHANGE Global Changeand Sustainabil Inst, Fac Agr Sci & Environm, CE3c Ctr Ecol Evolut & Environm Changes,Azorean Bi, Rua Capitao Joao Avila, P-9700042 Angra Do Heroismo, Azores, Portugal
[2] IUCN SSC Mid Atlantic Isl Invertebrates Specialist, Angra Do Heroismo, Azores, Portugal
[3] Univ Azores, CHANGE Global Change & Sustainabil Inst, Fac Sci & Technol, CE3c Ctr Ecol Evolut & Environm Changes,Azorean Bi, Rua Mae Deus 13A, P-9500321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
[4] Univ Helsinki, LIBRe Lab Integrat Biodivers Res, Finnish Museum Nat Hist Luomus, POB 17 Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, Helsinki 00014, Finland
[5] Biodivers Res Inst UB, Dept Evolutionary Biol, Ecol & Environm Sci Arthropods, Ave Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
[6] Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Zool Museum, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
[7] Blankenfelder Str 99, D-13127 Berlin, Germany
[8] Univ Lisbon, CHANGE Global Change & Sustainabil Inst, Ctr Ecol, Dept Biol Anim,Fac Ciencias,CE3c Ctr Ecol Evolut &, R Ernesto Vasconcelos,Ed C2, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal
[9] Gabelsbergerstr 2, D-30163 Hannover, Germany
关键词
Arthropoda; Azores; diversity patterns; Macaronesia; BEETLES COLEOPTERA; ANNOTATED CHECKLIST; SPECIES RICHNESS; GROUND-BEETLES; 1992; ARANEAE; ISLAND; CONSERVATION; CARABIDAE; PATTERNS; LINYPHIIDAE;
D O I
10.3897/BDJ.10.e97682
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Background The Azores is a remote oceanic archipelago of nine islands which belongs to the Macaronesia biogeographical region hosting a unique biodiversity. The present Azorean landscape is strongly modified by the presence of man and only in small areas, where the soil or climate was too rough, have primitive conditions remained unchanged. Despite the fact that most of the Azorean native habitats are now lost, a large number of endemic species are still present and need urgent conservation. The present checklist of terrestrial and freshwater arthropods of the Azores Archipelago is based on all known published literature. The main goal of this work is to list, as rigorously as possible, all the known terrestrial and freshwater arthropods of the Azores. In this way, we are contributing to solve the 'Linnaean' shortfall, i.e. an incomplete taxonomic description of species-level diversity and the Wallacean Biodiversity Shortfall, the incomplete species distribution knowledge. New information The checklist includes new records of arthropods at island and archipelago levels that were published in the last twelve years. Compared to the last checklist of Azorean arthropods (Borges et al. 2010b), a total of 217 taxa (species and subspecies) are added. Currently, the total number of terrestrial and freshwater arthropod species and subspecies in the Azores is estimated to be 2420 taxa belonging to 14 classes, 53 orders, 440 families, 1556 genera, 2400 species and 149 individual subspecies. The most diverse orders of Azorean arthropods are: Coleoptera (585 taxa), Diptera (423 taxa), Hemiptera (338 taxa), Hymenoptera (163 taxa), Lepidoptera (159 taxa) and Araneae (133 taxa). A total of 276 endemic taxa are currently known (232 species and 44 subspecies), belonging to eight classes and 22 orders. Sao Miguel, Terceira and Pico are the islands with higher number of endemic species and subspecies. In the Azores, the number of native non-endemic taxa is 793 taxa, totalling 1069 indigenous taxa. Compared to the other nearest Macaronesian archipelagos (Madeira and Canaries), the Azorean arthropod fauna is characterised by a lower percentage of endemism (endemics/indigenous: 26% in Azores, 47% in Madeira Archipelago and 42% in Canary Islands) and a high proportion of exotic introduced taxa (39% in Azores, 19% in Madeira Archipelago and 8% in Canary Islands). Based on recent IUCN Red-listing of Azorean arthropods, a large fraction of the endemic taxa is under high threat
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