Workplace support for breastfeeding employees in educational and healthcare settings in Ghana

Background. Maternal employment outside the home is associated with shorter breastfeeding duration among full-time working mothers. However, few studies have explored breastfeeding practices among working mothers in the context of less-developed countries, where an increasing number of women are entering the labour force as full-time workers. Objectives. To assess the nature of existing support systems and the needs of breastfeeding working mothers in Ghana. Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants (N=128) from 15 healthcare and 12 educational institutions (n-27) to complete a self-administered questionnaire. The data analysis employed descriptive statistics to analyse both the demographic and the main study variables. Results. The mean breastfeeding support score for both workplaces was nearly identical: 1.44 for healthcare institutions and 1.30 for educational institutions. With the exceptions of peer support and breastfeeding breaks, which were found to be common forms of support for breastfeeding employees, there was an evident lack of support systems to promote workplace breastfeeding. An increase in maternity leave from 3 months to 6 months, a private designated space for breastfeeding and a workplace creche were found to be the greatest needs expressed by working mothers in Ghana. Conclusion. There is a lack of targeted interventions to promote optimal breastfeeding practices among working mothers. Policy interventions should address the identified support needs of working mothers through the provision of private breastfeeding rooms, workplace creches and an increase in maternity leave from 3 to 6 months.