Short-term outcomes of three rare cases of intramucosal Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection

Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is a subtype of gastric cancer morphologically characterized by massive lymphocyte infiltration. We herein report the short-term outcomes of three rare cases of intramucosal EBVaGC treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Histologically, the lesions exhibited poorly to moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma without lymphovascular invasion, and in situ hybridization revealed EBV-encoded small RNA. Helicobacter pylori infection was not found in any of the lesions. During the 3 to 12 months of follow-up following ESD, none of the ESD-treated patients showed evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases. Essential characteristics of intramucosal EBVaGC may include lymphocyte infiltration into the mucosal stroma or cancer nests as well as the presence of a lace pattern. We believe that ESD might be a safe and suitable treatment method for intramucosal EBVaGC that avoids needless surgery, particularly in patients with severe comorbidities or a high operational risk.