Subsurface properties and early activity of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

被引：217

作者：

Gulkis, Samuel ^{[1
]}

Allen, Mark ^{[1
]}

von Allmen, Paul ^{[1
]}

Beaudin, Gerard ^{[2
]}

Biver, Nicolas ^{[3
]}

Bockelee-Morvan, Dominique ^{[3
]}

Choukroun, Mathieu ^{[1
]}

Crovisier, Jacques ^{[3
]}

Davidsson, Bjoern J. R. ^{[4
]}

Encrenaz, Pierre ^{[2
]}

Encrenaz, Therese ^{[3
]}

Frerking, Margaret ^{[1
]}

Hartogh, Paul ^{[5
]}

Hofstadter, Mark ^{[1
]}

Ip, Wing-Huen ^{[6
]}

Janssen, Michael ^{[1
]}

Jarchow, Christopher ^{[5
]}

Keihm, Stephen ^{[1
]}

Lee, Seungwon ^{[1
]}

Lellouch, Emmanuel ^{[3
]}

Leyrat, Cedric ^{[3
]}

Rezac, Ladislav ^{[5
]}

Schloerb, F. Peter ^{[1
,7
]}

Spilker, Thomas ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA

[2] Univ Paris 06, Observ Paris, PSL Res Univ, LERMA,CNRS,UMR8112, F-75014 Paris, France

[3] Univ Paris Diderot, UPMC, CNRS, LESIA Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France

[4] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden

[5] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany

[6] Natl Cent Univ, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan

[7] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2015年 / 347卷 / 6220期

基金：

美国国家航空航天局;

关键词：

RADIATIVE-TRANSFER;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aaa0709

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Heat transport and ice sublimation in comets are interrelated processes reflecting properties acquired at the time of formation and during subsequent evolution. The Microwave Instrument on the Rosetta Orbiter (MIRO) acquired maps of the subsurface temperature of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, at 1.6 mm and 0.5 mm wavelengths, and spectra of water vapor. The total H2O production rate varied from 0.3 kg s(-1) in early June 2014 to 1.2 kg s(-1) in late August and showed periodic variations related to nucleus rotation and shape. Water outgassing was localized to the "neck" region of the comet. Subsurface temperatures showed seasonal and diurnal variations, which indicated that the submillimeter radiation originated at depths comparable to the diurnal thermal skin depth. A low thermal inertia (similar to 10 to 50 J K-1 m(-2) s(-0.5)), consistent with a thermally insulating powdered surface, is inferred.

引用

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