A bi-stage multi-objectives optimization of smart multi energy system with active consumers

The optimal energy consumption and production is one of main aims in the many countries to improve technical, economic and environmental issues by smart energy systems. This paper proposes a bi-stage multi-objectives optimization of the smart multi energy system with optimal coordination of active consumers than electrical and thermal prices in the day-ahead market. The optimization is implemented under uncertainty of demand and price for electrical and thermal energies. In the first stage, original electrical and thermal demand curves are optimized using demand shifting strategy based on energy prices. Then, optimized electrical and thermal demand curves are applied in the second stage for solve a multi-objective functions such as minimization of the emission polluting, operation costs and maximizing the smart multi energy systems flexibility. Moreover, reliability indices and participation of the battery energy storage system as local generation are analyzed to improve the resiliency of the smart multi energy systems by some active consumers. Using the augmented epsilon constraint method Pareto frontier solutions of multi-objective in the second stage are extracted and the best solution is determined in the decision-making approach by TOPSIS procedure. To demonstrate superiority and validation of the proposed optimization, three cases studies are examined to improve economic, environmental and resilience indices.(c) 2022 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.