Primary cilium - Is it an osteocyte's strain-sensing flowmeter?

被引:63
作者
Whitfield, JF [1 ]
机构
[1] Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Biol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
关键词
bone strain; Ca2+ signaling; kidney cells; osteocytes; primary cilia bending; primary cilia functions; stretch-activated Ca2+ channels;
D O I
10.1002/jcb.10509
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
With few exceptions, the non-cycling cells in avast range of animals including humans have a non-motile primary cilium that extends from the mother centriole of the pair of centrioles in their centrosomes located between their Golgi apparatuses and nuclei. It has very recently been shown that the primary cilium of a dog or a mouse embryonic kidney cell is a fluid flowmeter studded with heterodimeric complexes of mechanoreceptors linked to Ca2+-permeable cation channels that when the cilium is bent can send Ca2+ signals into the cell and beyond to neighboring cells through gap junctions. More than 30 years ago, osteocytes were reported also to have primary cilia, but this was promptly ignored or forgotten. Osteocytes are the bones' strain sensors, which measure skeletal activity from the effects of currents of extracellular fluid caused by their bones being bent and squeezed during various activities such as walking and running. Since bending a kidney cell's primary cilium can send a Ca2+ wave surging through itself and its neighbors, the bending of an osteocyte's primary cilium by sloshing extracellular fluid is likely to do the same thing and thus be involved in measuring and responding to bone strain.
引用
收藏
页码:233 / 237
页数:5
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