Hypolipidemic effects of proanthocyanidins and their underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms

被引:237
作者
Blade, Cinta [1 ]
Arola, Lluis [1 ]
Salvado, Maria-Josepa [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Dept Bioquim & Biotecnol, Nutrigenom Grp, Tarragona 43007, Spain
关键词
Cholesterol; Farnesoid X Receptor; Proanthocyaniclins; Triglycerides; VLDL; GRAPE-SEED PROCYANIDINS; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; RED WINE CONSUMPTION; DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; LDL OXIDATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY; SMALL HETERODIMER PARTNER; LOWER TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS; FECAL STEROID-EXCRETION; INTESTINAL CACO-2 CELLS; ORPHAN NUCLEAR RECEPTOR;
D O I
10.1002/mnfr.200900476
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
Proanthocyanidins are the most abundant polyphenols in human diets. Epidemiological studies strongly suggest that proanthocyanidins protect against cardiovascular diseases. Despite the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of these flavonoids, one of the mechanisms by which proanthocyanidins exert their cardiovascular protection is improving lipid homeostasis. Animal studies demonstrate that proanthocyanidins reduce the plasma levels of atherogenic apolipoprotein B-triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and LDL-cholesterol but increase antiatherogenic HDL-cholesterol. The results in humans, however, are less clear. This review summarizes the results that have been published on plasma triglyceride, apolipoprotein B, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in humans and animal models in response to proanthocyanidin extracts and proanthocyanidin-rich foods. The physiological processes and biochemical pathways that are related to lipid homeostasis and affected by proanthocyanidin consumption are also discussed. Intestinal lipid absorption, chylomicron secretion by the intestine and VLDL secretion by the liver are the processes that are most repressed by proanthocyanidins, which, therefore, induce hypolipidemic effects.
引用
收藏
页码:37 / 59
页数:23
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