Temperature and pH effects on plant uptake of benzotriazoles by sunflowers in hydroponic culture

被引:19
作者
Castro, S
Davis, LC
Erickson, LE
机构
[1] Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
[2] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
关键词
benzotriazoles; corrosion inhibitors; plant uptake; phytotransformation; activation energy;
D O I
10.1080/16226510490496384
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
This article describes a systematic approach to understanding the effect of environmental variables on plant uptake (phyto-uptake) of organic contaminants. Uptake (and possibly phytotransformation) of xenobiotics is a complex process that may differ from nutrient uptake. A specific group of xenobiotics (benzotriazoles) were studied using sunflowers grown hydroponically with changes of environmental conditions including solution volume, temperature, pH, and mixing. The response of plants to these stimuli was evaluated and compared using physiological changes (biomass production and water uptake) and estimated uptake rates (influx into plants), which define the uptake characteristics for the xenobiotic. Stirring of the hydroponic solution had a significant impact on plant growth and water uptake. Plants were healthier, probably because of a combination of factors such as improved aeration and increase in temperature. Uptake and possibly phytotransformation of benzotriazoles was increased accordingly. Experiments at different temperatures allowed us to estimate an activation for the reaction leading to triazole disappearance from the solution. The energy estimated activation energy was 43 kJ/mol, which indicates that the uptake process is kinetically limited. Culturing plants in triazole-amended hydroponic solutions at different pH values did not strongly affect the biomass production, water uptake, and benzotriazole uptake characteristics. The sunflowers showed an unexpected capacity to buffer the solution pH.
引用
收藏
页码:209 / 225
页数:17
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