Distribution of CCR5Δ32 in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children and its relationship to disease course

Homozygosity for a 32-bp deletion in the CCR5 gene (CCR5 Delta 32) has been shown to confer resistance to infection with the macrophage-tropic strain of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1, We examined the distribution of CCR5 Delta 32 in 47 children (age range, 1.5 to 19 years), of whom 43 were infected with HN, by the perinatal route (n = 41) or by the intravenous route (n = 2). The infected patients were classified as rapid progressors (RP) (n = 7) (CDC category C3 or death by 2 years of age), non-rapid progressors (NRP) (n = 17) (survival for greater than or equal to 8 years after infection), or intermediate (n = 19), CCR5 Delta 32 heterozygosity was found in two HIV-infected children, both NRP, None of the subjects were homozygous for CCR5 Delta 32, and the remaining children had no evidence of CCR5 Delta 32. The presence of CCR5 Delta 32 heterozygosity in 4.8% of this, predominantly non-Caucasian population is consistent with the published distribution of the mutation, The finding that CCR5 Delta 32 was present only in NRP and not in any RP is in agreement with previous reports suggesting that heterozygosity for CCR5 Delta 32 may confer limited protection from disease progression.