Two kinds of thiols modified CdTe quantum dots were used to construct the CdTe quantum dots (donor)-Rhodamine 6G(acceptor) fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET) systems, which were applied to investigate the interaction mechanism between CdTe quantum dots and bovine serum albumin(BSA). The results showed that the energy transfer efficiency of the CdTe quantum dots-rhodamine 6G FRET systems were improved, and the distance between CdTe quantum dots and rhodamine 6G (r) were decreased after CdTe quantum dots interacted with BSA, BSA were directly binding to the surface of quantum dot by the coordination between its tryptophan(Trp) residues and the metal.