Fungal infections in the recipients of solid organ transplantation

The advent of effective antibacterial and antiviral prophylactic and therapeutic strategies has led to the emergence of opportunistic mycoses as a principal cause of infection-related mortality in organ transplant recipients. Candida and Aspergillus species have accounted for most invasive fungal infections in organ transplant recipients. Epidemiologic trends within the last decade, however, are notable for the emergence of mycelial fungi other than Aspergillus as increasingly important pathogens in these patients. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenetic basis, diagnosis, and management of invasive fungal infections after organ transplantation in context of emerging trends and new developments in these areas.