Energy-storage configuration for EV fast charging stations considering characteristics of charging load and wind fluctuation

Fast charging stations play an important role in the use of electric vehicles (EV) and significantly affect the distribution network owing to the fluctuation of their power. For exploiting the rapid adjustment feature of the energy-storage system (ESS), a configuration method of the ESS for EV fast charging stations is proposed in this paper, which considers the fluctuation of the wind power as well as the characteristics of the charging load. The configuration of the ESS can not only mitigate the effects of fast charging stations on the connected distribution network but also improve its economic efficiency. First, the scenario method is adopted to model the wind power in the distribution network, and according to the characteristics of the EV and the driving probability, the charging demand of each station is calculated. Then, considering factors such as the investment cost, maintenance cost, discharging benefit, and wind curtailment cost, the ESS configuration model of the distribution network is set up, which takes the optimal total costs of the ESS for EV fast charging stations within its lifecycle as an objective. Finally, General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS) is used to linearize and solve the proposed model. A simulation on an improved IEEE-69 bus system verifies the feasibility and economic efficiency of the proposed model.