The Ascending Branch of the Lateral Circumflex Femoral Vessels: Review of the Anatomy and its Utilization as Recipient Vessel for Free-Flap Reconstruction of the Hip Region

The ascending branch of the lateral circumflex artery may be of potential value as an alternative recipient vessel in the free-flap transfer to hip region. The anatomy of the ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral vessels has been reviewed with regards to size, location, and length and on the basis of previous anatomical and clinical studies in the literature. Surgical exposure of the ascending branch has been described. The ascending vessels were used suitably in the free-flap reconstruction of the hip wounds in two case examples. The ascending vessels follow an oblique course behind the rectus femoris muscle to reach the hilus of tensor fascia latae muscle, laterally and superiorly. The vessels are located at distance 7-12 cm from the anterior superior iliac spine in the interval between the rectus femoris and tensor fascia latae muscles. External diameter of the artery varies between 2 and 3 mm, which is usually accompanied by two venae comitantes measuring 1.8 to 2.5 mm. The ascending branch has a predictable location, a consistent anatomy, and an adequate caliber. Its surgical exposure is relatively easy. It should be placed in the armamentarium of recipient vessels as an alternative particularly in the free-flap reconstruction of the hip region.