Anti-rheumatic activity of pseudoephedrine (a substituted phenethylamine) in complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritic rats by down regulating IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α as well as upregulating IL-4 and IL-10

被引:6
作者
Ahsan, Haseeb [1 ]
Irfan, Hafiz Muhammad [1 ]
Alamgeer [2 ]
Shahzad, Muhammad [3 ]
Asim, Mulazim Hussain [1 ]
Akram, Muhammad [1 ]
Zafar, Muhammad Shoaib [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Sargodha, Coll Pharm, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
[2] Univ Punjab, Univ Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacol, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
[3] Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
关键词
Complete Freund’ s adjuvant; Arthritis; Pro-inflammatory cytokines; Q-PCR; Pseudoephedrine; ANTIARTHRITIC ACTIVITY; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; DISEASE; EXTRACT; INFLAMMATION; PREVALENCE; ALKALOIDS; EPHEDRA;
D O I
10.1007/s10787-021-00804-z
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Pseudoephedrine (substituted phenethylamine) is well known as psychotic and bronchodilator. Numerous studies on phenethylamine derivatives indicated that these agents have the potential to abolish inflammatory responses in the non-biological and biological systems. These facts provided the basis to conduct a study on pseudoephedrine to explore its therapeutics in Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis. Furthermore, existing treatment approaches for RA associated with limited effect on chronic immunological models. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) was performed to execute the expression of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines in treated and non-treated arthritic rats. These findings were further co investigate by histological observations. The paw volume, paw diameter, weight variations and arthritic score were determined at specific days throughout the experiment of 28 days. Pseudoephedrine at all doses significantly (p < 0.001) suppressed the expression of PGE2, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6. Moreover, pseudoephedrine (20 and 40 mg/kg) caused significant augmentation of IL-4 and IL-10. Similarly, the drug expressed a significant anti-arthritic effect by reducing the paw volume, paw diameter and arthritic score. Similarly, it also reverts the reduction in body weight of arthritic rats at all above-mentioned doses. These findings supported the anti-arthritic potential of pseudoephedrine and recommended it for clinical trials.
引用
收藏
页码:673 / 682
页数:10
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