Application of pinewood waste-derived biochar for the removal of nitrate and phosphate from single and binary solutions

被引:43
作者
Vijayaraghavan, Kuppusamy [1 ]
Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar [1 ]
机构
[1] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore, Singapore
关键词
Multi-component adsorption; Eutrophication; Biosorption; Sustainability; Adsorption; Biochar; PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE; NITROGEN CONVERSION; BIO-OIL; ADSORPTION; WATER; AMMONIUM; SORPTION; MECHANISMS; BIOSORPTION; SAWDUST;
D O I
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130361
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
We developed biochar by pyrolysis of pinewood wastes at different temperatures and investigated its potential to nitrate and phosphate from single and binary solutions. An in-depth characterization of biochar was carried out to study its physical, surface morphological and chemical characteristics using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy analyses. The impact of pyrolysis temperatures (300-600 degrees C) on the biochar yield, the biochar's elemental composition, and its adsorption characteristics was examined. Biochar produced at 600 degrees C showed a maximum uptake for both nitrate and phosphate due to its high C content (63.8%), pore volume (0.201 cm(3)/g), surface area (204.2 m(2)/g) and reduced acidic binding groups. The influence of pH, initial solute concentrations, contact time on the removal of a single solute at a time by biochar was examined. Results revealed that pinewood-derived biochar had its maximum performance at pH 2, with predicted equilibrium uptakes of 20.5 and 4.20 mg/g for phosphate and nitrate, respectively at initial solute concentrations of 60 mg/L within 360 min. The single solute isotherm was studied using the Freundlich, Langmuir and Toth models, and kinetics was described using the pseudo-first and -second order models. While using dual-solutes, biochar showed preference towards phosphate as confirmed by high affinity factor. The dual-solute kinetic experiments showed that around 95% of phosphate was removed within 45 min, whereas it took 240 min to achieve 95% total nitrate removal from the mixture. Thus, the biochar removes phosphate preferentially with high selectivity as compared to nitrate. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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页数:12
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