Extinction filters mediate the global effects of habitat fragmentation on animals

被引：173

作者：

Betts, Matthew G. ^{[1
]}

Wolf, Christopher ^{[1
]}

Pfeifer, Marion ^{[2
]}

Banks-Leite, Cristina ^{[3
]}

Arroyo-Rodriguez, Victor ^{[4
]}

Ribeiro, Danilo Bandini ^{[5
]}

Barlow, Jos ^{[6
,7
]}

Eigenbrod, Felix ^{[8
]}

Faria, Deborah ^{[9
]}

Fletcher, Robert J., Jr. ^{[10
]}

Hadley, Adam S. ^{[1
]}

Hawes, Joseph E. ^{[11
]}

Holt, Robert D. ^{[12
]}

Klingbeil, Brian ^{[13
]}

Kormann, Urs ^{[1
,14
,15
]}

Lens, Luc ^{[16
]}

Levi, Taal ^{[1
]}

Medina-Rangel, Guido F. ^{[17
]}

Melles, Stephanie L. ^{[18
]}

Mezger, Dirk ^{[19
]}

Morante-Filho, Jose Carlos ^{[9
,20
]}

Orme, C. David L. ^{[3
]}

Peres, Carlos A. ^{[21
]}

Phalan, Benjamin T. ^{[22
]}

Pidgeon, Anna ^{[23
]}

Possingham, Hugh ^{[24
,25
]}

Ripple, William J. ^{[1
]}

Slade, Eleanor M. ^{[26
]}

Somarriba, Eduardo ^{[27
]}

Tobias, Joseph A. ^{[3
]}

Tylianakis, Jason M. ^{[28
]}

Nicolas Urbina-Cardona, J. ^{[29
]}

Valente, Jonathon J. ^{[1
,30
]}

Watling, James I. ^{[31
]}

Wells, Konstans ^{[32
]}

Wearn, Oliver R. ^{[33
]}

Wood, Eric ^{[34
]}

Young, Richard ^{[35
]}

Ewers, Robert M. ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Forest Biodivers Res Network, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA

[2] Newcastle Univ, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England

[3] Imperial Coll London, Silwood Pk Campus,Buckhurst Rd, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England

[4] UNAM, Inst Invest Ecosistemas & Sustentabilidad, Campus Morelia,Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico

[5] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Inst Biociencias, Caixa Postal 549, BR-79070900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil

[6] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England

[7] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Biol, Setor Ecol, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil

[8] Univ Southampton, Geog & Environm Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England

[9] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Conservacao Biodiversidad, Appl Conservat Ecol Lab, Rodovia Ilheus Itabuna,Km 16, BR-45662000 Ilheus, BA, Brazil

[10] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

[11] Anglia Ruskin Univ, Sch Life Sci, Appl Ecol Res Grp, Cambridge CB1 1PT, England

[12] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

[13] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA

[14] Swiss Ornithol Inst, Sempach, Switzerland

[15] Bern Univ Appl Sci, Sch Agr Forest & Food Sci HAFL, Div Forest Sci, Zollikofen, Switzerland

[16] Univ Ghent, Dept Biol, KL Ledeganckstr 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

[17] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Ciencias Nat, Grp Biodiversidad & Conservac Reptiles, Ciudad Univ,Edificio 425, Bogota, Distrito Capita, Colombia

[18] Ryerson Univ, Dept Biol & Chem, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada

[19] Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Sci & Educ, Chicago, IL 60605 USA

[20] Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Dept Ciencias Biol, Ave Transnordestina S-N, BR-44036900 Feira De Santana, BA, Brazil

[21] Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Ctr Ecol Evolut & Conservat, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England

[22] Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Biol, BR-40170115 Salvador, BA, Brazil

[23] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[24] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

[25] Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA 22203 USA

[26] Nanyang Technol Univ, Asian Sch Environm, 62 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637459, Singapore

[27] Ctr Agron Trop Invest & Ensenanza, Turrialba, Costa Rica

[28] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand

[29] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Sch Rural & Environm Studies, Dept Ecol & Terr, Bogota, Colombia

[30] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA

[31] John Carroll Univ, Dept Biol, University Hts, OH 44118 USA

[32] Swansea Univ, Dept Biosci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales

[33] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England

[34] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Biol Sci, 5151 State Univ Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA

[35] Durrell Wildlife Conservat Trust, Trinity JE3 5BP, Jersey, England

来源：

SCIENCE | 2019年 / 366卷 / 6470期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

ECOLOGICAL RESPONSES; R PACKAGE; BIODIVERSITY; MODELS; DISTURBANCE; PATTERN; IMPACT; BIRDS; EDGES; AREA;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aax9387

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Habitat loss is the primary driver of biodiversity decline worldwide, but the effects of fragmentation (the spatial arrangement of remaining habitat) are debated. We tested the hypothesis that forest fragmentation sensitivity-affected by avoidance of habitat edges-should be driven by historical exposure to, and therefore species' evolutionary responses to disturbance. Using a database containing 73 datasets collected worldwide (encompassing 4489 animal species), we found that the proportion of fragmentation-sensitive species was nearly three times as high in regions with low rates of historical disturbance compared with regions with high rates of disturbance (i.e., fires, glaciation, hurricanes, and deforestation). These disturbances coincide with a latitudinal gradient in which sensitivity increases sixfold at low versus high latitudes. We conclude that conservation efforts to limit edges created by fragmentation will be most important in the world's tropical forests.

引用

页码：1236 / +

页数：38

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