Effects of Lignite-Derived Sodium Fulvate on Angiogenesis In Vivo and In Vitro

The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of two sodium fulvate (SF) samples on angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro, and compared their pharmacological similarities and differences. The two SF samples were separately extracted from the lignite of Eshan (ES) county and Xundian (XD) county of Yunnan province in China. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) model was used to evaluate the effects of SF on angiogenesis in vitro, the 3-(4, 5-dimethyIthiazol-2-yI)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to determine HUVEC viability, HUVEC migration ability was determined by wound healing assay, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was measured by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model was used to evaluate the effects of SF on angiogenesis in vivo. The results showed that both of the two SF samples could promote angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo at low concentration, and XD SF is more effective than ES SF in vitro. With the increase of concentration, the angiogenesis could be inhibited. Our study provided some basic data for the comprehensive utilization of ES lignite and XD lignite in Yunnan.