Kaposi sarcoma of the adrenal gland: A report of two cases with a review of the literature

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular neoplasm commonly involving mucocutaneous sites, while adrenal gland involvement is exceptional. The anaplastic variant is a rare entity characterized by marked cellular pleomorphism, increased mitosis, worse prognosis, and an increased metastatic potential. The diagnosis remains on histology and immunohistochemistry. We describe two cases of primary adrenal KS to report on this exceptional presentation of KS: the first case is a 67-year-old female with anaplastic KS wit fatal outcome. The second case is a 56-year-old male who presented a classic KS of the adrenal gland. Until now, no standard efficient treatment regimens have been clearly identified. There is a need for a further understanding of anaplastic KS's biology, and collecting a sizable patient cohort remains essential to review treatment outcome.