Comparison of oral dydrogesterone with micronized vaginal progesterone in fresh embryo transfert in IVF/ICSI

Introduction. - Luteal insufficiency corresponds to a progesterone deficiency affecting women who receive treatment for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Different routes of progesterone administration exist and have varying degrees of acceptability to patients. The aim of this study was to compare two luteal phase support (LPS) treatments: oral dydrogesterone versus micronized vaginal progesterone on the clinical pregnancy occurrence after fresh embryo transfer.Material and methods. - This study was a monocentric historical and observational cohort study carried out in the reproductive medicine department at the University Hospital, Femme Mere Enfant in Lyon. All the data were collected retrospectively. Women between 18 and 43 years old, who completed an IVF cycle with or without ICSI, followed by fresh embryo transfer on the second or third day after oocyte retrieval (D2 or D3) or at the blastocyst stage (D5 or D6) between July 2019 and July 2020 were included. The 290 patients included between July 2019 and January 2020 received 600 mg per day of PMV. The 290 patients in the OD group included between January and July 2020 received 30 mg OD per day.Results. - In the univariate analysis, the clinical pregnancy occurrence per transfer was comparable between the MVP and OD groups (P > 0.05) (OR [95% CI]): 0.904 [0.630 ; 1.296]. In the multivariate analysis, OD also appeared to be associated with a similar pregnancy occurrence compared to MVP, with a nonsignificant difference (OR [95% CI]): 0.940 [0.640; 1.380]. The use of OD compared to MVP did not significantly influence the clinical pregnancy occurrence in any age group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the clinical pregnancy occurrence, whether the patients belonged to the reference population of the center or not (P > 0.05) (OR [95% CI]): 2.367 [0.568; 3.568].Conclusion. - This important French retrospective study confirms the safety and efficacy of OD.