Bias against disconfirmatory evidence in the 'at-risk mental state' and during psychosis

被引：24

作者：

Eisenacher, Sarah ^{[1
]}

Rausch, Franziska ^{[1
]}

Mier, Daniela ^{[2
]}

Fenske, Sabrina ^{[2
]}

Veckenstedt, Ruth ^{[3
]}

Englisch, Susanne ^{[1
]}

Becker, Anna ^{[1
]}

Andreou, Christina ^{[3
]}

Moritz, Steffen ^{[3
]}

Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas ^{[1
]}

Kirsch, Peter ^{[2
]}

Zink, Mathias ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Heidelberg Univ, Med Fac Mannheim, Cent Inst Mental Hlth, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, J5, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany

[2] Heidelberg Univ, Med Fac Mannheim, Cent Inst Mental Hlth, Dept Clin Psychol, J5, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany

[3] Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany

来源：

PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH | 2016年 / 238卷

关键词：

PROBABILISTIC DECISION-MAKING; NEGATIVE-SYNDROME-SCALE; COGNITIVE BIAS; EVIDENCE BADE; EVIDENCE INTEGRATION; REDUCED-ACTIVATION; POSITIVE SYMPTOMS; VENTRAL STRIATUM; SCHIZOPHRENIA; DELUSIONS;

D O I：

10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.028

中图分类号：

R749 [精神病学];

学科分类号：

100205 ;

摘要：

Prior studies have confirmed a bias against disconfirmatory evidence (BADE) in schizophrenia which has been associated with delusions. However, its role in the pathogenesis of psychosis is yet unclear. The objective was to investigate BADE for the first time in subjects with an at-risk-mental-state for psychosis (ARMS), patients with a first episode of psychosis without antipsychotic treatment (FEP) and healthy controls (HC). A standard BADE test presenting written scenarios was employed. In addition, psychometric rating scales and a neuropsychological test battery were applied. A three-staged image was revealed. FEP-patients showed a significant BADE compared to the other groups. The performance of ARMS-patients lay in between HC and FEP-patients. A trend towards significance became evident for a bias against confirmatory evidence (BACE) in FEP-patients. Results were not attributable to antipsychotic or other medication or depressive symptoms. Correlations with delusions reached medium effect sizes but failed significance after Bonferroni-corrections. These results provide evidence for aberrations in evidence integration in the pathogenesis of psychosis and contribute to our knowledge of metacognitive functioning which can be used for (meta-)cognitive intervention in psychosis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：242 / 250

页数：9

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