Ion Transport in Sub-10 nm Nanofluidic Channels: Synthesis, Measurement, and Modeling

Recent advances in nanofabrication, measurement, and analysis techniques of nanofluidic systems have allowed ion transport to be systematically explored in narrow, confined channels with dimensions of less than about 10nm. In such small dimensions, anomalous ion transport can be observed. This review describes several unique ion-transport phenomena recently reported in sub-10nm fluidic channels and provides an introduction to recently developed nanofabrication techniques to create sub-10nm nanochannels by both top-down and bottom-up approaches.