Co-quantification of crAssphage increases confidence in wastewater-based epidemiology for SARS-CoV-2 in low prevalence areas

被引:93
作者
Wilder, Maxwell L. [1 ]
Middleton, Frank [2 ]
Larsen, David A. [3 ]
Du, Qian [4 ]
Fenty, Ariana [1 ]
Zeng, Teng [5 ]
Insaf, Tabassum [6 ,7 ]
Kilaru, Pruthvi [3 ]
Collins, Mary [8 ]
Kmush, Brittany [3 ]
Green, Hyatt C. [1 ]
机构
[1] SUNY ESF, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
[2] Upstate Med Univ, Dept Neurosci & Physiol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
[3] Syracuse Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA
[4] Quadrant Biosci, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
[5] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA
[6] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Environm & Occupat Epidemiol, Albany, NY 12337 USA
[7] Univ Albany, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Rensselaer, NY 12144 USA
[8] SUNY ESF, Dept Environm Studies, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
来源
WATER RESEARCH X | 2021年 / 11卷
关键词
Wastewater-based epidemiology; Viral concentration; Cross-assembly phage; SARS-CoV-2; CORONAVIRUS;
D O I
10.1016/j.wroa.2021.100100
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA is increasingly being incorporated into public health efforts to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to obtain the maximum benefit from these efforts, approaches to wastewater monitoring need to be rapid, sensitive, and relatable to relevant epidemiological parameters. In this study, we present an ultracentrifugation-based method for the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 wastewater RNA and use crAssphage, a bacteriophage specific to the human gut, to help account for RNA loss during transit in the wastewater system and sample processing. With these methods, we were able to detect, and sometimes quantify, SARS-CoV-2 RNA from 20 mL wastewater samples within as little as 4.5 hours. Using known concentrations of bovine coronavirus RNA and deactivated SARS-CoV-2, we estimate recovery rates of approximately 7-12% of viral RNA using our method. Results from 24 sewersheds across Upstate New York during the spring and summer of 2020 suggested that stronger signals of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from wastewater may be indicative of greater COVID-19 incidence in the represented service area approximately one week in advance. SARS-CoV-2 wastewater RNA was quantifiable in some service areas with daily positives tests of less than 1 per 10,000 people or when weekly positive test rates within a sewershed were as low as 1.7%. crAssphage DNA concentrations were significantly lower during periods of high flow in almost all areas studied. After accounting for flow rate and population served, crAssphage levels per capita were estimated to be about 1.35 x 10(11) and 2.42 x 10(8) genome copies per day for DNA and RNA, respectively. A negative relationship between per capita crAssphage RNA and service area size was also observed likely reflecting degradation of RNA over long transit times. Our results reinforce the potential for wastewater surveillance to be used as a tool to supplement understanding of infectious disease transmission obtained by traditional testing and highlight the potential for crAssphage co-detection to improve interpretations of wastewater surveillance data. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
引用
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页数:11
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