Reverse Draw Solute Permeation in Forward Osmosis: Modeling and Experiments

被引:561
作者
Phillip, William A. [1 ]
Yong, Jui Shan [1 ]
Elimelech, Menachem [1 ]
机构
[1] Yale Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Environm Engn Program, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
INTERNAL CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION; AMMONIA-CARBON DIOXIDE; FLUX BEHAVIOR; MEMBRANES; DESALINATION; WATER; PERFORMANCE; TRANSPORT; DIFFUSION; HYBRID;
D O I
10.1021/es100901n
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Osmotically driven membrane processes are an emerging set of technologies that show promise in water and wastewater treatment, desalination, and power generation. The effective operation of these systems requires that the reverse flux of draw solute from the draw solution into the feed solution be minimized. A model was developed that describes the reverse permeation of draw solution across an asymmetric membrane in forward osmosis operation. Experiments were carried out to validate the model predictions with a highly soluble salt (NaCl) as a draw solution and a cellulose acetate membrane designed for forward osmosis. Using independently determined membrane transport coefficients, strong agreement between the model predictions and experimental results was observed. Further analysis shows that the reverse flux selectivity, the ratio of the forward water flux to the reverse solute flux, is a key parameter in the design of osmotically driven membrane processes. The model predictions and experiments demonstrate that this parameter is independent of the draw solution concentration and the structure of the membrane support layer. The value of the reverse flux selectivity is determined solely by the selectivity of the membrane active layer.
引用
收藏
页码:5170 / 5176
页数:7
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