Genetic diversity of Pinus sylvestris L. pine populations

This article presents the results of the assessment of genetic diversity, genetic structure and differentiation of Scots pine in the conditions of Orenburg Zauralye using intermicrosatellite analysis of DNA polymorphism (markers of 14 isoenzyme loci from the enzyme systems aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, leucine neuropathy, and others). In the studied populations of Scots pine, 51 alleles were detected by the studied molecular genetic markers, most of which were common. The frequency of occurrence of these alleles varied significantly everywhere: 62.7% of allelic variants are rare or relatively rare (frequency of occurence is less than 5%). The indicator of the genetic diversity of Scots pine is influenced by the natural and climatic conditions and geographical isolation, resulting in a greater genetic diversity in the population of Karagai forest. The study of the division of the genetic diversity of Scots pine showed a high level of population genetic diversity and a low degree of divergence in the studied populations: 5.1% accounted for the interpopulation component. Determination of the genetic distance of Nei showed that the populations are closely related. This figure was 0.024. Analysis of allelic diversity indicates a high stability and reliability of the population of Scots pine and its evolutionary perspective.