MID-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF CANDIDATE ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI-DOMINATED SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES

被引：53

作者：

Coppin, K. ^{[1
]}

Pope, A. ^{[2
]}

Menendez-Delmestre, K. ^{[3
]}

Alexander, D. M. ^{[4
]}

Dunlop, J. S. ^{[5
]}

Egami, E. ^{[6
]}

Gabor, J. ^{[6
]}

Ibar, Edo ^{[7
]}

Ivison, R. J. ^{[5
,7
]}

Austermann, J. E. ^{[8
]}

Blain, A. W. ^{[9
]}

Chapman, S. C. ^{[10
]}

Clements, D. L. ^{[11
]}

Dunne, L. ^{[12
]}

Dye, S. ^{[13
]}

Farrah, D. ^{[14
]}

Hughes, D. H. ^{[15
]}

Mortier, A. M. J. ^{[5
]}

Page, M. J. ^{[16
]}

Rowan-Robinson, M. ^{[11
]}

Scott, D. ^{[17
]}

Simpson, C. ^{[18
]}

Smail, Ian ^{[1
]}

Swinbank, A. M. ^{[1
]}

Vaccari, M. ^{[19
]}

Yun, M. S. ^{[20
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England

[2] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA

[3] Observ Carnegie Inst Sci, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA

[4] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England

[5] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, SUPA, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland

[6] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[7] Royal Observ, Sci & Technol Facil Council, UK ATC, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland

[8] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[9] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[10] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England

[11] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Astrophys Grp, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England

[12] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England

[13] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF2 3YB, S Glam, Wales

[14] Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England

[15] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Puebla 72000, Mexico

[16] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England

[17] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada

[18] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England

[19] Univ Padua, Dept Astron, I-35122 Padua, Italy

[20] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2010年 / 713卷 / 01期

基金：

英国科学技术设施理事会;

关键词：

galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: starburst; infrared: galaxies; submillimeter: galaxies; DEGREE EXTRAGALACTIC SURVEY; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; DUST-OBSCURED GALAXIES; DEEP-FIELD-SOUTH; HIGH-REDSHIFT; LUMINOUS GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; NUMBER COUNTS; LOCKMAN HOLE;

D O I：

10.1088/0004-637X/713/1/503

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Spitzer spectroscopy has revealed that similar or equal to 80% of submm galaxies (SMGs) are starburst (SB)-dominated in the mid-infrared. Here we focus on the remaining similar or equal to 20% that show signs of harboring powerful active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We have obtained Spitzer-InfraRed Spectrograph spectroscopy of a sample of eight SMGs that are candidates for harboring powerful AGNs on the basis of IRAC color selection (S(8 mu m)/S(4.5 mu m) > 2, i.e., likely power-law mid-infrared spectral energy distributions). SMGs with an AGN dominating (greater than or similar to 50%) their mid-infrared emission could represent the "missing link" sources in an evolutionary sequence involving a major merger. First of all, we detect polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features in all of the SMGs, indicating redshifts from 2.5 to 3.4, demonstrating the power of the mid-infrared to determine redshifts for these optically faint dusty galaxies. Second, we see signs of both star formation (from the PAH features) and AGN activity (from continuum emission) in our sample: 62% of the sample are AGN-dominated in the mid-infrared with a median AGN content of 56%, compared with <30% on average for typical SMGs, revealing that our IRAC color selection has successfully singled out sources with proportionately more AGN emission than typical SB-dominated SMGs. However, we find that only about 10% of these AGNs dominate the bolometric emission of the SMG when the results are extrapolated to longer infrared wavelengths, implying that AGNs are not a significant power source to the SMG population overall, even when there is evidence in the mid-infrared for substantial AGN activity. When existing samples of mid-infrared AGN-dominated SMGs are considered, we find that S(8 mu m)/S(4.5 mu m) > 1.65 works well at selecting mid-infrared energetically dominant AGNs in SMGs, implying a duty cycle of similar to 15% if all SMGs go through a subsequent mid-infrared AGN-dominated phase in the proposed evolutionary sequence.

引用

页码：503 / 519

页数：17

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