Spatial distribution of heavy metal and risk indices of water and sediments in the Kunhar River and its tributaries

被引：38

作者：

Muhammad, Said ^{[1
]}

Ullah, Saleem ^{[2
]}

Ali, Wajid ^{[1
]}

Jadoon, Ishtiaq A. K. ^{[2
]}

Arif, Muhammad ^{[1
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Peshawar, Natl Ctr Excellence Geol, Peshawar, Pakistan

[2] COMSATS Univ Islamabad, Dept Earth Sci, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan

[3] Abbottabad Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Earth Sci, Abbottabad, Pakistan

来源：

GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL | 2022年 / 37卷 / 20期

关键词：

Chronic daily intake; hazard quotient; contamination factor; pollution load index; ecological risk index; geospatial analyses; SURFACE-WATER; DRINKING-WATER; KAGHAN VALLEY; HEALTH-RISK; CONTAMINATION; POLLUTION; URBAN; BASIN; ESTUARY; ROCKS;

D O I：

10.1080/10106049.2021.1926557

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The present study investigated heavy metal (HM) concentrations in water and sediment of the Kunhar River and its tributaries in Kaghan valley, Northern Pakistan. The highest mean concentration was observed for iron (Fe) 316 +/- 47.4 mu g/L and the lowest for cadmium (Cd) 2.45 +/- 0.31 mu g/L in the upstream water of this study. The highest mean hazard quotient value of 0.43 was calculated for children through downstream water consumption. The concentration of HM in water was used for the calculation of HM pollution index and HM evaluation index , showing a low level of contamination. The highest mean sediment concentration was found for Fe was 35500 +/- 2700 mg/L and the lowest for Cd was 1.96 +/- 0.23 mg/L in upstream of Kunhar River. Pollution quantification factors values were the highest downstream. Statistical analyses revealed that water and sediment contamination of Kunhar River and its tributaries was mainly attributed to geogenic sources.

引用

页码：5985 / 6003

页数：19

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