Association of Genetic Polymorphism in Leptin, Leptin Recptor, Resistin and FABP2 genes with type II Diabetes mellitus in patients of Rural South Western Maharashtra

India has the second highest number of diabetic patients in the world and the increasing trend of obesity poses a threat towards its working population and socioeconomic development. The inheritance pattern of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex but recent advances in genetics have shed light on variations in novel genes as possible risk factors for development of T2DM. Our study aimed at studying the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in adipokine genes such as leptin, leptin receptor, resitin and fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) which is involved in transport and metabolism of long chain fatty acids. The SNPs were genotyped using appropriate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) conditions. The results were analyzed using Chi-square test and Odds Ratio (OR) to show the association with T2DM among healthy non-diabetic controls and obese and non-obese T2DM patient groups. Leptin gene SNP (rs7799039) was found to be associated with occurrence of T2DM among non-obese diabetic patients (OR 2.153 (1. 13-4. 105) p = 0.028). Other SNPs of leptin receptor (rs 1137101), resistin (rs3745368), FABP2 (rs 1799883) were found not to be associated with T2DM.