Size optimization of a microstrip GPS antenna for automobile glass with a genetic algorithm

Using a genetic algorithm, we designed a microstrip antenna for the Global Position System (GPS), to be placed on the rear window glass of an automobile as a dielectric material. The antenna has right-hand circular polarization, near hemispherical coverage, and operates at the frequency of 1.57542 GHz. This antenna was simulated using the multiport network model (MNM)/method of moments (MoM: Rao, Wilton, Glisson (RWG) basis functions) and then fabricated and test. It is a square with sides of 3.6 cm and a truncated corner size 0.55 cm. The input voltage standing wave ratio and far field patterns were computed and measured. Satisfactory experimental results were obtained in field tests.