Dietary protein reduction based on ideal protein concept for Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured in net pens

This study was carried out to evaluate the performance of Nile tilapia, cultured in net pens, and fed diets containing 27.0 (control), 25.2, 24.3, and 22.7% of digestible protein. Crystalline amino acids (L-lysine, DL-methionine and L-threonine) were added to keep amino acid levels according to the ideal protein profile and to simulate amino acid levels of the control diet. Fish (34.63 +/- 1.19 g) were hand-fed one of the four isoenergetic (3,075 kcal of digestible energy/kg, as fed basis) experimental diets until apparent satiation, three times a day during 90 days. A completely randomized design with four treatments, three replicates and 25 fishes per experimental unit was utilized. No effects of dietary digestible protein levels on weight gain, feed conversion, protein efficiency ratio, empty carcass weight, carcass yield, fillet weight and yield, survival, and hematocrit were observed. It was observed quadratic effect on feed intake and nitrogen excretion, wich increased up to 24.41 and 24.92% of dietary digestible protein, respectively. The reduction of digestible protein levels resulted in a linear increase of nitrogen retention. It was concluded that it is possible to reduce the dietary digestible protein from 27.0 (29.1% of CP) to 24.3% (26.6% of CP) in amino acid supplemented diets (based on ideal protein concept), for juvenile Nile tilapia, cultured in net pens, without adverse effects on growth performance, carcass yield and composition, hematological parameters and cost of diet/kg of fillet gain.