Localised Infection of Atlantic Salmon Epithelial Cells by HPR0 Infectious Salmon Anaemia Virus

被引:19
作者
Aamelfot, Maria [1 ]
Christiansen, Debes H. [2 ]
Dale, Ole Bendik [1 ]
McBeath, Alastair [3 ]
Benestad, Sylvie L. [1 ]
Falk, Knut [1 ]
机构
[1] Norwegian Vet Inst, Oslo, Norway
[2] Food & Vet Author, Torshavn, Faroe Islands, Denmark
[3] Dept Agr & Fisheries Scotland, Marine Lab, Marine Scotland Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland
来源
PLOS ONE | 2016年 / 11卷 / 03期
关键词
TIME RT-PCR; HEMAGGLUTININ GENE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ISAV; EXPRESSION; INTERFERON; TRANSCRIPT; RECEPTOR; ENCODES; DISEASE;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0151723
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) is an important, systemic viral disease of farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. Endothelial cells are the main target cells for highly virulent HPR-deleted ISA virus (ISAV) types. Here we examine the pathogenesis of non-virulent ISAV HPR0 infections, presenting evidence of an epithelial tropism for this virus type, including actual infection and replication in the epithelial cells. Whereas all HPR0 RT-qPCR positive gills prepared for cryosection tested positive by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescent labelling, only 21% of HPR0 RT-qPCR positive formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded gills were IHC positive, suggesting different methodological sensitivities. Only specific epithelial cell staining was observed and no staining was observed in endothelial cells of positive gills. Furthermore, using an ISAV segment 7 RT-PCR assay, we demonstrated splicing of HPR0, suggesting initial activation of the replication machinery in the epithelial gill cells. Immunological responses were investigated by the expression of interferon-related genes (e.g. Mx and gamma IP) and by ELISA for presence of anti-ISAV antibodies on samples taken sequentially over several months during an episode of transient HPR0 infection. All fish revealed a variable, but increased expression of the immunological markers in comparison to normal healthy fish. Taken together, we conclude that HPR0 causes a localized epithelial infection of Atlantic salmon.
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页数:14
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