Optimization and characterization of rivastigmine nanolipid carrier loaded transdermal patches for the treatment of dementia

The present study aimed to develop nanolipid carrier (NLC) loaded transdermal system of rivastigmine for bioavailability enhancement. NLC was optimized using Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Optimized formulation comprises oil (4% w/w), tween 80 (3% w/w) and span 80 (1.8% w/w) and was characterized. It was found that the formulation exhibit 134.60 +/- 15.10 nm, 0.286 +/- 0.041, 11.80 +/- 2.24 mV and 70.56 +/- 1.20% of mean size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential and entrapment efficiency, respectively. In vitro release studies showed there was more sustained release of drug from NLC loaded transdermal patches in comparison to Exelon (R) patch. Skin irritation studies proved the non-irritant nature of developed NLC based transdermal patch. From pharmacokinetic studies it was observed that there was increased C-max and AUC(0-72) in plasma treated with NLC loaded transdermal patches as compared to conventional patch. These experimental results indicate that NLC based transdermal patch could be utilized as a potential carrier for enhancing bioavailability of rivastigmine for the better treatment and management of dementia.