Impacts of longline mussel farming on oxygen and nitrogen dynamics and biological communities of coastal sediments

被引:172
作者
Christensen, PB
Glud, RN
Dalsgaard, T
Gillespie, P
机构
[1] Natl Environm Res Inst, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
[2] Univ Copenhagen, Marine Biol Lab, DK-3000 Helsingor, Denmark
[3] Cawthron Inst, Nelson, New Zealand
关键词
Greenshell (TM) mussel; benthic mineralization; macroinvertebrates; microphytobenthic production; nutrient fluxes and denitrification;
D O I
10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00587-2
中图分类号
S9 [水产、渔业];
学科分类号
0908 ;
摘要
Benthic communities and benthic mineralization were studied in two shallow coastal regions of New Zealand: Tasman Bay, a possible future site for mussel farm development, and Beatrix Bay, which already hosts several longline mussel farms. In Tasman Bay, microphytobenthic (MPB) production added significantly to the total primary production of the bay. The activity of benthic microalgae had a pronounced effect on oxic conditions, solute exchange and denitrification rates. Benthic mineralization, quantified as the dark oxygen uptake, was in the range of 675 +/- 11 mumol m(-2) h(-1). Denitrification rates were high and fueled entirely by nitrate produced by the nitrifying community within the sediment. Competition for inorganic nitrogen between benthic microalgae and nitrifiers/denitrifiers resulted in diet variation in nitrogen cycling and reduced the inorganic nitrogen efflux and denitrification activity in the light. Calculated in electron equivalents, denitrification accounted for 11-20% of the total carbon mineralization-one of the highest numbers reported for coastal sediments. Reduced sediments, containing low MPB biomass and few subsurface macroinvertebrate species, were observed below a mussel farm in Beatrix Bay, presumably due to the intensified sedimentation of organic matter. Oxygen consumption increased in the organic-rich sediments, and ammonium effluxes were up to 14 times higher than those of unaffected sediments 250 m away from the farm. Denitrification rates below the farm were low as the coupled nitrification-denitrification was inhibited by the presence of sulfide. The dissimilative reduction of nitrate to ammonium (DRNA) was, however, stimulated in the reduced sediment. The enhanced benthic mineralization was associated with sulfidic sediments and a lower nitrogen removal rate due to impeded benthic photosynthesis and denitrification activity. The described local conditions associated with mussel farming should be taken into account when new areas are considered for development. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:567 / 588
页数:22
相关论文
共 67 条
[11]   Sediment mineralization, nutrient fluxes, denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in an estuarine fjord with sea cage trout farms [J].
Christensen, PB ;
Rysgaard, S ;
Sloth, NP ;
Dalsgaard, T ;
Schwærter, S .
AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY, 2000, 21 (01) :73-84
[12]  
CHRISTENSEN PB, 1998, DANISH MARINE ENV AC
[13]   DIEL PERIODICITY OF NITROGEN UPTAKE BY MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON IN NITRATE-RICH ENVIRONMENTS [J].
COCHLAN, WP ;
HARRISON, PJ ;
DENMAN, KL .
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY, 1991, 36 (08) :1689-1700
[14]   SEDIMENTATION AND SULFATE REDUCTION UNDER A MUSSEL CULTURE [J].
DAHLBACK, B ;
GUNNARSSON, LAH .
MARINE BIOLOGY, 1981, 63 (03) :269-275
[15]   Denitrification in sediments of the River Colne estuary, England [J].
Dong, LF ;
Thornton, DCO ;
Nedwell, DB ;
Underwood, GJC .
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES, 2000, 203 :109-122
[16]   Light-enhanced oxygen respiration in benthic phototrophic communities [J].
Epping, EHG ;
Jorgensen, BB .
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES, 1996, 139 (1-3) :193-203
[17]   Comparison of isotope pairing and N2:Ar methods for measuring sediment-denitrification-assumptions, modifications, and implications [J].
Eyre, BD ;
Rysgaard, S ;
Dalsgaard, T ;
Christensen, PB .
ESTUARIES, 2002, 25 (6A) :1077-1087
[18]   Benthic primary production and O2-CO2 dynamics in a shallow-water sediment:: Spatial and temporal heterogeneity [J].
Fenchel, T ;
Glud, RN .
OPHELIA, 2000, 53 (03) :159-171
[19]   Microphytobenthic communities of subtidal locations in New Zealand: taxonomy, biomass, production, and food-web implications [J].
Gillespie, PA ;
Maxwell, PD ;
Rhodes, LL .
NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH, 2000, 34 (01) :41-53
[20]   PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS-COUPLED RESPIRATION IN NATURAL BIOFILMS QUANTIFIED WITH OXYGEN MICROSENSORS [J].
GLUD, RN ;
RAMSING, NB ;
REVSBECH, NP .
JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, 1992, 28 (01) :51-60