Fundamentals of Radio-Chemical Physics of the Earth's Atmosphere

Basics of the radiochemical physics of the Earth atmosphere are discussed. This area of science studies the resonance interactions of the electromagnetic waves with the gaseous media containing the Rydberg molecular complexes that occupy D and E layers of the upper atmosphere during solar flares. This interaction is responsible for the distortion of the signals from the satellite groups. The radiation transitions between orbitally degenerate states of these complexes form the non-coherent additional background radiation on the radio (UHV) and infrared (IR) ranges. The radiation in these wave ranges is of primary importance in a number of fundamental researches and is widely used in some technical applications. The areas considered in this paper include: the dynamics of processes in the upper atmosphere during increase of solar activity leading to the formation of incoherent additional background radiation; the distant passive location of the soil humidity and the salinity of the ocean waters; the distant radio sounding of the electromagnetic properties of the surface layers of the Earth for determining their structure and content; the technology of efficient and uninterrupted operation of energy networks by synchronizing the measuring equipment in view of the possible failures of the satellite signals; the use of the global positioning systems as a tool for monitoring the state of the atmosphere. In the present work the description is given of the most perspective applications of the above mentioned areas of the radiochemical physics of the atmosphere whose robustness is substantially depends on the current state of the upper atmosphere. We analyze the problems that arise here and provide their specific solutions. The prospects for the development of these applications are discussed, as well as those areas of research that are just coming up.