Perspectives on SCADA Data Analysis Methods for Multivariate Wind Turbine Power Curve Modeling

Wind turbines are rotating machines which are subjected to non-stationary conditions and their power depends non-trivially on ambient conditions and working parameters. Therefore, monitoring the performance of wind turbines is a complicated task because it is critical to construct normal behavior models for the theoretical power which should be extracted. The power curve is the relation between the wind speed and the power and it is widely used to monitor wind turbine performance. Nowadays, it is commonly accepted that a reliable model for the power curve should be customized on the wind turbine and on the site of interest: this has boosted the use of SCADA for data-driven approaches to wind turbine power curve and has therefore stimulated the use of artificial intelligence and applied statistics methods. In this regard, a promising line of research regards multivariate approaches to the wind turbine power curve: these are based on incorporating additional environmental information or working parameters as input variables for the data-driven model, whose output is the produced power. The rationale for a multivariate approach to wind turbine power curve is the potential decrease of the error metrics of the regression: this allows monitoring the performance of the target wind turbine more precisely. On these grounds, in this manuscript, the state-of-the-art is discussed as regards multivariate SCADA data analysis methods for wind turbine power curve modeling and some promising research perspectives are indicated.