Chronic Administration of Rosa canina Hydro-Alcoholic Extract Attenuates Depressive-Like Behavior and Recognition Memory Impairment in Diabetic Mice: A Possible Role of Oxidative Stress

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate whether chronic Rosa canina (RC) extract administration could improve recognition memory and depressive-like behavior in diabetic mice. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five male albino mice (25-30 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (15 in each group). A single intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) was administered to the mice to induce diabetes. The control group received normal saline, and the diabetic groups received normal saline or 50, 250, and 500 mg/kg of RC extract for 28 days. The mice were weighed each week. Recognition memory and depressivelike behavior were assessed using forced swimming and novel object recognition (NOR) tests, respectively. Malondi-aldehyde (MDA) levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured in the mouse brain homogenate to evaluate oxidative stress. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, version 22. Results: The groups receiving 250 or 500 mg/kg RC had significantly lower immobility time (159.4 +/- 4.7 and 150.1 +/- 3.1 s) compared to the sham control group (192.1 +/- 7.8 s) in the forced swimming test, and a higher discrimination index (0.39 +/- 0.02 and 0.48 +/- 0.03) was seen in diabetic animals in the NOR task compared to the sham control group (0.2 +/- 0.01). Also, the groups receiving treatment with RC (250 and 500 mg/kg) had significantly higher TAC (0.92 +/- 0.04 and 0.96 +/- 0.05 mmol/L) and lower MDA (0.76 +/- 0.02 and 0.67 +/- 0.03 nmol/mg protein) levels in the brains in comparison to the model group. In the 3rd and 4th weeks of study, the RC-treated mice (250 and 500 mg/kg) gained more weight (31.2 +/- 0.3 and 32.4 +/- 0.3 g, and 31.3 +/- 0.2 and 33.7 +/- 0.3 g, respectively) than the diabetic group (30 +/- 0.2 and 29.6 +/- 0.3 g). Conclusion: This study showed that RC attenuated impairment of recognition memory and depressive-like behavior probably through modulation of oxidative stress in an STZ model of diabetes in mouse brains. (C) 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel