Assessing Children's Eudaimonic Well-Being: The PROMIS Pediatric Meaning and Purpose Item Banks

Objective To describe the development of the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Meaning and Purpose item banks, child-report and parent-proxy editions. Methods Data were collected from two samples. The first comprised 1,895 children (8-17 years old) and 927 parents of children 5-17 years old recruited from an Internet panel, medical clinics, and schools. The second comprised a nationally representative sample of 990 children 8-17 years old and 1,292 parents of children 5-17 years old recruited from a different Internet panel. Item pool evaluation was done with Sample 1 and analyses were used to support decisions about item retention. The combined sample was used for item response theory (IRT) calibration of the item bank. Both samples were used in validation studies. Results Eleven items were deleted from the item pool because of poor psychometric performance. The final versions of the scales showed excellent reliability (>0.90). Short form scales (4 or 8 items) had a high degree of precision across over 4 SD units of the latent variable. The item bank positively correlated with extant measures of positive psychological functioning, and negatively correlated with measures of emotional distress, pessimism, and pain. Lower meaning and purpose scores were associated with adolescence and presence of a special healthcare need. Conclusion The PROMIS Pediatric Meaning and Purpose item banks and their short forms are ready for use in clinical research and practice. They are measures of children's eudaimonic well-being and indicative of children's hopefulness, optimism, goal-directedness, and feelings that life is worth living.