Study of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation for Rats with Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Background: Increasing evidences indicated that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) can stay survive, then gradually proliferate and differentiate into myocardial cells after transplanted into damaged areas and improve function of heart. Methods: In this article, ADMSCs were isolated from adipose tissue of Wistar rats and cultured. When treated with 5-azacytidine (5-aza), ADMSCs were differentiated into myocardial cells, then we implant these cells into myocardium of rats of DCM to observe cell population and differentiation and compare cardiac function and hemodynamics changes before and after transplantation. Results: The expression of Cardiac-specific markers indicated that ADMSCs which were isolated from adipose tissue of Wistar rats can differentiate into various cell types. Meanwhile, the treatment group displayed a higher level of LVESP, left ventricular intraventricular pressure (+dP/dt max), left ventricular intraventricular pressure (-dP/dt max) and left ventricular EF (%) than the control group. Altogether, these results indicate that heart systolic and diastolic function of rats of DCM was significantly improved meanwhile ventricular dilatation remodeling was inhibited after ADMSCs transplantation. Conclusions: Therefore, this research provides an experimental basis for further clinical application of ADMSCs transplantation for the treatment of DCM and non-ischemic HF.