A kinase-defective transforming growth factor-β receptor type II is a dominant-negative regulator for human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells

The role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta type II receptor (T beta RII) in TGF-beta resistance and tumor progression is now well recognized. To test the effects of T beta RII loss in determining malignancy, we transfected a T beta RII-expressing, TGF-beta-sensitive, MCF-7 cell strain (ME24) with a tetracycline-repressible truncated T beta RII (kdT beta RII) construct lacking the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor. Transfection of kdT beta RII into parental ME24 cells (designated ME24t6 after transfection) resulted in high expression levels of kdT beta RII mRNA and cell surface protein which were reversible by tetracycline treatment. ME24t6 cells did not respond to exogenous TGF-beta 1 as measured by inhibition of proliferation or fibronectin (FN) induction, indicating that the truncated TORII acted as a dominant-negative inhibitor of both the growth inhibitory and extracellular matrix (ECM) stimulatory TGF-B effects. Furthermore, inhibition of kdT beta RII expression by tetracycline treatment led to TGF-beta 1-mediated cell growth arrest in the G1 phase of cell cycle and to the accumulation of the hypophosphorylated form of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. However, compared to parental ME24 cells, transfectants failed to show increased tumorigenicity, indicating that loss of T beta RII itself is not sufficient to account for differences in the malignant properties of T beta RII-expressing and non-expressing MCF-7 cell strains.