Optimal antiretroviral therapy adherence as evaluated by CASE index score tool is associated with virological suppression in HIV-infected adults in Dakar, Senegal

被引:4
|
作者
Byabene, A. K. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Fortes-Deguenonvo, L. [2 ]
Niang, K. [4 ]
Manga, M. N. [2 ]
Bulabula, A. N. H. [3 ,5 ]
Nachega, J. B. [1 ,3 ,6 ,7 ,8 ,9 ,10 ,11 ]
Seydi, M. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Evangel Afrique, Dept Med Interne, Bukavu, DEM REP CONGO
[2] Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Clin Malad Infectieuses, CHU Fann, Dakar, Senegal
[3] ICART, Bukavu, DEM REP CONGO
[4] Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Inst Sante & Dev, Dakar, Senegal
[5] Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Interdisciplinary Hlth Sci, Unit Infect Prevent & Control, Cape Town, South Africa
[6] Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Med, Cape Town, South Africa
[7] Stellenbosch Univ, Ctr Infect Dis, Cape Town, South Africa
[8] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
[9] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis, Pittsburgh, PA USA
[10] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Microbiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA
[11] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
HIV; antiretroviral therapy; adherence; virological failure; CASE Index Score; Senegal; BARRIERS;
D O I
10.1111/tmi.12882
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and factors associated with optimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and virological failure (VLF) among HIV-infected adults enrolled in the national ART programme at the teaching hospital of Fann, Dakar, Senegal. MethodsCross-sectional study from 1 September 2013 to 30 January 2014. Outcomes: (1) optimal ART adherence by the Center for Adherence Support Evaluation (CASE) Index Score (>10) and (2) VLF (HIV RNA > 1000 copies/ml). Diagnostic accuracy of CASE Index Score assessed using sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors associated with optimal adherence and VLF. ResultsOf 98 HIV-infected patients on ART, 68% were female. The median (IQR) age was 42 (20-50) years. A total of 57 of 98 (60%) were on ART more than 3 years, and majority (88%) were on NNRTI-based first-line ART regimen. A total of 79 of 98 (80%) patients reported optimal ART adherence, and only five of 84 (5.9%) had documented VLF. Patients with VLF were significantly more likely to have suboptimal ART adherence (17.7% vs. 2.9%; P = 0.02). CASE Index Score showed the best trade-off in Se (78.9%, 95% CI: 54.4-93.9%), Sp (20.0%, 95% CI: 11.1-31.7), PPV (22.4, 95% CI: 13.1-34.2%) and NPV (76.5%, 95% CI: 50.1-93.2), when used VLF threshold of HIV RNA >50 copies/ml. Factors independently associated with VLF were CASE Index Score <10 ([aOR] = 13.0, 95% CI: 1.1-147.9; P = 0.04) and being a boosted PI-based ART regimen ([aOR] = 27.0, 95% CI: 2.4-309.4; P = 0.008). ConclusionsOptimal ART adherence is achievable in a high proportion of HIV-infected adults in this study population. CASE Index Score was independently associated with virological outcomes, supporting usefulness of this low-cost ART adherence monitoring tool in this setting. ObjectifDeterminer la prevalence et les facteurs associes a l'adhesion optimale a la therapie antiretrovirale (ART) et l'echec virologique (EV) chez les adultes infectes par le VIH inscrits au programme national de l'ART a l'hopital d'enseignement de Fann, a Dakar, au Senegal. MethodesEtude transversale du 1/11/2013 au 30/01/2014. Resultats: 1) l'adhesion optimale a l'ART selon le score d'indice du Centre pour l'Evaluation du Soutien d'Adherence (CASE) (> 10); et 2) l'echec virologique (ARN du VIH > 1 000 copies/mL). Precision diagnostique du Score d'Indice de CASE evaluee a l'aide de la sensibilite (Se), de la specificite (Sp), de la valeur predictive positive (VPP), de la valeur predictive negative (VPN) et des intervalles de confiance (IC) correspondants a 95%. Une analyse de regression logistique multivariee a ete effectuee pour identifier les facteurs independants associes a l'adhesion optimale et a l'EV. ResultatsSur 98 patients infectes par le VIH sous ART, 68% etaient des femmes. L'age median (IQR) etait de 42 ans (20 a 50 ans). 57/98 (60%) etaient sous traitement antiretroviral depuis plus de 3 ans et la majorite (88%) avaient un schema de traitement base sur un NNRTI de premiere ligne. 79/98 (80%) des patients ont declare une adhesion optimale a l'ART et seuls 5/84 (5,9%) avaient un EV documente. Les patients avec EV etaient beaucoup plus susceptibles d'avoir une adhesion sous-optimale a l'ART (17,7% contre 2,9%, P = 0,02). Le score de l'indice de CASE a revele le meilleur compromis dans la Se (78,9%; IC95%: 54,4 - 93,9), la Sp (20,0%, IC 95%: 11,1 - 31,7), la PPV (22,4, IC95%: 13,1- 34,2%) et la VPN (76,5%; IC95%: 50,1 - 93,2), lorsque le seuil d'EV utilise etait > 50 copies/mL pour l'ARN du VIH. Les facteurs independamment associes a l'EV etaient: le score d'indice de CASE < 10 ([aOR] = 13,0; IC95%: 1,1 - 147,9; P = 0,04) et un schema de traitement base sur un PI ([aOR] = 27,0; IC95%: 2,4 - 309,4; P = 0,008). ConclusionsUne proportion elevee de patients presentant une adhesion optimale a l'ART est atteignable dans cette population etudiee. Le score d''indice d'adherence de CASE a ete associe independamment aux resultats virologiques, soutenant l'utilite de cet outil de surveillance de l'adhesion a l'ART a faible cout dans ce contexte. ObjetivoDeterminar la prevalencia y los factores asociados con la adherencia optima a la terapia antirretroviral (TAR) y el fallo virologico (FV) entre adultos infectados con VIH participando en el programa nacional de TAR en el hospital universitario de Fann, en Dakar, Senegal. MetodosEstudio croseccional entre el 1/11/2013 y el 30/01/2014. Resultados esperados: 1) adherencia optima al TAR evaluada mediante la escala CASE (puntacion >10); y 2) FV (VIH-ARN>1,000 copias/mL). Precision diagnostica de la escala CASE evaluada segun la sensibilidad (Se), especificidad (Sp), valor predictivo positivo (VPP), valor predictivo negativo (VPN) y los correspondientes intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95%. Se realizo un analisis de regresion logistica multivariable para identificar los factores independientes asociados con la adherencia optima y la FV. ResultadosDe los 98 pacientes infectados con VIH y recibiendo TAR, un 68% eran mujeres. La edad media (rango intercuartil) era de 42 (20-50) anos. 57/98 (60%) llevaban recibiendo TAR mas de 3 anos y la mayoria (88%) estaban recibiendo un regimen de TAR de primera linea basado en inhibidores de la transcriptasa inversa no nucleosidos. 79/98 (80%) pacientes reportaron una adherencia optima al TAR; y solo 5/84 (5.9%) tenian FV documentada. Los pacientes con FV tenian una mayor probabilidad significativa de tener una mala adherencia al TAR (17.7% vs. 2.9%; P =0.02). La puntuacion de la escala de adherencia mostraba que el mejor compromiso estaba en la Se (78.9%, IC 95%: 54.4%-93.9%), Sp (20.0%, IC 95%: 11.1-31.7), VPP (22.4, IC 95%: 13.1-34.2%) y VPN (76.5%, IC 95%: 50.1-93.2), cuando se utilizaba un umbral de FV de VIH-ARN >50 copias/mL). Los factores asociados de forma independiente con el FV eran: puntuacion en la escala de adherencia < 10 ([aOR] = 13.0, IC 95%:1.1 - 147.9; P=0.04) y estar en un regimen de TAR basado en inhibidores de proteasa potenciados ([aOR] = 27.0, IC 95%:2.4 - 309.4; P=0.008). ConclusionesEn nuestra poblacion de estudio es posible alcanzar una alta proporcion de pacientes con una adherencia optima al TAR. La escala de adherencia CASE estaba asociada de forma independiente con los resultados virologicos, apoyando la utilidad de esta herramienta de bajo coste para monitorizar la adherencia al TAR en este lugar.
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页码:776 / 782
页数:7
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