Lenalidomide and dexamethasone in treatment of patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma - analysis of data from the Czech Myeloma Group Registry of Monoclonal Gammopathies

Lenalidomide (LEN) is an immunomodulator with clinical activity against myeloma cells. Based on the pivotal phase 3 trials MM-009 and MM-010, the combination of lenalidomide and dexamethasone(DEX) was approved for patients with multiple myeloma who received at least one prior therapy. Here, we evaluated LEN/DEX therapy in whole population and subsequently in selected sub-groups of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma followed in the Monoclonal Gammopathy Registry of the Czech Myeloma Group. 858 patients were treated with LEN/DEX in Czech Republic and Slovakia until end of 2017. The analyzed sub-groups were defined as patients with high-risk cytogenetic aberrations and patients with relapsed and refractory MM. The ORR (response better than PR) in whole group of patients was 46.3% for all lines of therapy, 26.4% for high-risk group and 32.1% for relapsed and refractory group. Overall survivals (OS) in the same sets were as follows: 25.6, 15.7 and 18.5 months respectively, progression free survival (PFS) was 11.2, 6.4 and 9.0 months, respectively. The most common adverse events were hematologic and infectious. In conclusion, we found our results correlated with those in other studies in terms of OS, PFS and also of treatment toxicity.