Introduction. ABO-incompatible living kidney transplantation (LKT) has been performed to widen the indications for kidney transplantation. Since 2001, using a 7-day period of pretransplantation immunosuppression with tacrolimus (FK) plus mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) plus methylprednisolone (MP), we have observed a marked reduction in acute humoral/vascular rejection without any serious complications. Patients and Methods. Forty-five adult patients underwent ABO-incompatible LKT at our institute between January 2000 and September 2002. There were 20 men and 25 women of mean age 33 years. Plasmapheresis was performed to remove anti-AB antibodies prior to kidney transplantation. In 2000, 13 patients were treated with FK plus MMF plus MP without 7-day pretransplantation immunosuppression (group 1). Since January 2001, we have administered FK (0.1 mg/kg/d) plus MMF (1-2 g/d) plus MP (125 mg/d) concomitantly with plasmapheresis starting from 7 days before transplantation in 32 patients (group 2). Splenectomy was performed at the time of kidney transplantation in all patients. Results. Patient survival rate was 100% in both treatment groups. Graft survival rate was 92% and 97% in groups 1 and 2, respectively. One patient in group I lost the graft due to severe pancreatitis and 1 patient in group 2, due to severe humoral rejection. The incidence of acute rejection was 56% and 19% in group 1 and group 2, respectively. No patient experienced any lethal infectious complication. Conclusion. Pretransplantation immunosuppression for 7 days using FK, MMF, and MP in ABO-incompatible LKT provides an excellent outcome without severe infectious complications.
