Green Intellectual Capital for Sustainable Business Model: Bibliometric Analysis

The paper deals with analyses of the approaches to define green intellectual capital. The results of analyses proved that green intellectual capital is a part of intellectual capital. At the same, developing of green intellectual capital in the tendency of the greening economy is becoming increasingly important to companies due to customer and stakeholders needs. The main goal of the paper is to analyse the tendency in the scientific literature on green intellectual capital to identify future research directions. For the analysis, the tools of VOSviewer and Scopus were used. This study reviews 5501 papers from Scopus and Web of Science. The time for analysis were 1991-2019. Using the Scopus analyse tools showed that in 1997 the numbers of paper which focused on intellectual capital issues began to increase. At the same time, in 2014, the focus of investigation moved from general issues of the intellectual capital to green (environmental, sustainable) issues of intellectual capital. The most significant share of the scientists which investigated issues on green intellectual capital was from the USA, Great Britain and Spain. In 2018 the number of papers which focused on analyses of green intellectual capital increased in such journals with high impact factor as Sustainability and Journal of Intellectual Capital. The results proved that the theme of green intellectual capital is in the ongoing trends green or sustainable economy. The findings from VOSviewer identified 11 clusters of the papers which investigated intellectual capital from the different points of views. The first most significant cluster merged the paper which contains the keywords as follows: agent theory, business model, multinational companies, informational asymmetry etc. The second biggest cluster contained such issues as follows: sustainability, green intellectual, green human resources, green innovation, green intellectual development etc. The third biggest cluster focused on: trust, values creation, added value, return on equity, intangible assets, profitability etc. Such tendency allows concluding, that green intellectual capital is a part of intellectual capital and the improvement of green intellectual capital allows to create added value for different groups of the stakeholders.