Game Vertebrate Densities in Hunted and Nonhunted Forest Sites in Manu National Park, Peru

被引:63
作者
Endo, Whaldener [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Peres, Carlos A. [2 ,3 ]
Salas, Edith [4 ]
Mori, Sandra [4 ]
Sanchez-Vega, Jose-Luis [4 ]
Shepard, Glenn H. [2 ,3 ]
Pacheco, Victor [4 ]
Yu, Douglas W. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, ECEC, Kunming Inst Zool, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China
[2] Univ E Anglia, Sch EnvironmSci, CEEC, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England
[3] Univ E Anglia, Sch Biol Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England
[4] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Museo Hist Nat, Lima 14, Peru
关键词
bushmeat; defaunation; distance sampling; forest vertebrates; hunting; indigenous people; Manu National Park; trophic cascade; NEOTROPICAL FORESTS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; AMAZONIAN FORESTS; CONSERVATION; SUBSISTENCE; SUSTAINABILITY; RESERVES; MAMMALS; MONKEYS; PERILS;
D O I
10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00546.x
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Manu National Park of southern Peru is one of the most renowned protected areas in the world, yet large-bodied vertebrate surveys conducted to date have been restricted to Cocha Cashu Biological Station, a research station covering <0.06 percent of the 1.7Mha park. Manu Park is occupied by >460 settled Matsigenka Amerindians, 300-400 isolated Matsigenka, and several, little-known groups of isolated hunter-gatherers, yet the impact of these native Amazonians on game vertebrate populations within the park remains poorly understood. On the basis of 1495 km of standardized line-transect censuses, we present density and biomass estimates for 23 mammal, bird, and reptile species for seven lowland and upland forest sites in Manu Park, including Cocha Cashu. We compare these estimates between hunted and nonhunted sites within Manu Park, and with other Neotropical forest sites. Manu Park safeguards some of the most species-rich and highest biomass assemblages of arboreal and terrestrial mammals ever recorded in Neotropical forests, most likely because of its direct Andean influence and high levels of soil fertility. Relative to Barro Colorado Island, seed predators and arboreal folivores in Manu are rare, and generalist frugivores specializing on mature fruit pulp are abundant. The impact of such a qualitative shift in the vertebrate community on the dynamics of plant regeneration, and therefore, on our understanding of tropical plant ecology, must be profound. Despite a number of external threats, Manu Park continues to serve as a baseline against which other Neotropical forests can be gauged.
引用
收藏
页码:251 / 261
页数:11
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