Finite-element analysis and experimental verification for drawbead drawing processes

Theoretical and experimental drawing characteristics for single-circular and single-square drawbeads are discussed. The strain distributions on the upper and the lower skins of the specimens and the dir reactional forces during the blank-holding process are calculated by the finite element method (FEM), the simulational results being compared with experimental results. The effects of the drawing length and the drawing angle on the drawbead restraining forces and the strain distributions in the drawn specimens are investigated and the calculations are compared with the results of experiment. It is concluded that the theoretical simulations and results are useful for the prediction of real cases. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.